义务教育均衡发展的阶段特征及趋势分析

Analysis on the Stage Characteristics and Trend of the Balanced Development of Compulsory Education

经济社会发展水平、历史传统和教育基础决定了义务教育均衡发展具有阶段性特征。根据义务教育发展的历史特点及评价指标,可以将义务教育均衡发展分为四个阶段七种状态,分别是非均衡阶段(包括低位均衡状态、前均衡状态)、县域基本均衡阶段(包括基本均衡状态和高位均衡状态)、县域优质均衡阶段、市域均衡阶段(包括市域基本均衡状态、市域优质均衡状态)。然而,并不是所有地区的义务教育均衡发展都要依次经过每个发展阶段;有的可能跳过某个阶段而实现更高目标。因此,在制订省级义务教育均衡发展规划时,必须充分考虑省情、市情、县情,以及各地的历史文化传统和教育基础,分区域、分步骤、统筹协调推进。

The stage characteristics of the balanced development of compulsory education is determined by the level of economic and social,historical tradition and the basement of education.According to the historical characteristics and the evaluation indexes of the development of compulsory education,the balanced development of compulsory education could be divided into four stages and seven states.They are the stage of unbalanced(including low-balanced state and pre-balanced state),the stage of the basic balance in county(including the basic balanced state and high-balanced state),the stage of the quality balance in county,and the stage of balance in city(including the state of the basic balance in city and the state of the quality balance in city).However,not all the region has to develop the balance of compulsory education in turn after each stage,and some may skip a certain stage to achieve higher goals.Therefore,when making the provincial level development plan of compulsory education,the department of government should take a full consideration about the situation of province,the cities and the counties.After making a fully aware of the local tradition of history and culture and the basement of education,the provincial level development plan should be promoted coordinately as a whole according to the regions and steps.