安康市农村“三变”改革存在的问题及对策

Problems and Their Countermeasures Existing in the Rural Reform of“Three Changes”in Ankang City

“三变”改革是落实乡村振兴战略的突破口。通过政府的有力推动,安康市“三变”改革在短期内提高了资源配置效率,但存在资产收益低导致资源的开发方和承接方匮乏、农民参与“三变”改革的主体意识不强、农户与新型农业经营主体之间利益分配机制不健全、现有的新型农业经营主体示范效应弱等问题。解决上述问题的对策包括:从市场机制入手,激发“农民和新型农业经营主体”内生动力,使资源变成有吸引力的资产;做好利益分配机制的设计,引导新经营主体与农民“错位”发展;对农民开展经营理念的培训,使农民与新型农业经营主体实现良性互动。

The“Three Changes”(change from resources to assets,change from funds to share capital,and change from peasants to shareholders)reform is a breakthrough during the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.In this reform,the city of Ankang has improved the resource allocation efficiency within a short term under the strong impetus given by the government.However,there still exists a series of problems,such as lack of resource developers and undertakers due to low return on assets,weak subject consciousness of peasants concerning the participation in the“Three Changes”reform,unsound mechanism of benefit distribution between peasants and new agricultural business entities,and poor demonstration effect of existing new agricultural business entities.Countermeasures for solving these problems include:stimulating the endogenous power of“peasants and new agricultural business entities”starting with the market mechanism,thus to change resources to attractive assets;properly designing the benefit distribution mechanism to guide coordinated development of peasants and new agricultural business entities;and offering training to peasants on the theory of business so as to realize benign interaction between peasants and new agricultural business entities.