城市规划编制中公众参与的层级和策略探究

Ladders and Strategies of Public Participation for Urban Planning Compilation

为了研究城市规划编制中公众参与如何提升公平性、科学性和可实施性,参照谢里·安斯坦的公众参与发展层级理论,梳理国内近年相关工作所处层级,发现国内相关工作主要处于"告知""咨询"与"安抚"层级,部分社区微更新规划已达到"合作"层级。"告知"层级重在系统的宣传策略、综合的宣传途径;"咨询"层级重在根据目标预备议题、主动征询意见领袖;"安抚"层级重在判断意见有效性的工作机制;"合作"层级重在由公众组织规划编制或将公众反响作为审批要件。

In order to study how to enhance the fairness,scientificity and enforceability for urban planning compilation,and according to Sherry Arnstein’s A Ladder of Citizen Participation,this paper studies the ladders of domestic related works.It summarizes the strategies of climbing the ladder,through studying the history of foreign related theory,development of domestic studies and policy development of Shanghai.It finds out that domestic work is at the notification,consultation and placation level.Some community micro renewal cases have reached the level of partnership.To climb the ladder,informing strategies focuses on publicity channels.Consultation strategies are based on guiding issues.Placation strategies are about well mechanism designing.And partnership strategies focus on public organizing planning-making.