黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展制约因素与对策——基于“要素-空间-时间”三维分析框架

Research on restricting factors and countermeasures of ecological protection and high-quality development of Yellow River basin——Analysis based on the multi-dimensional framework of"element-space-time"

针对黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的国家重大战略需求,本文指出缓解生态系统负荷“过满状态”和发展的矛盾是黄河流域生态保护和经济社会发展的主要矛盾,推进社会经济生态转型是解决这一矛盾的根本出路。在此基础上,首先,提出“要素-空间-时间”三维分析框架,明确推进黄河流域社会经济生态转型、实现生态保护和高质量发展应运用这一框架;其次,识别出落后的社会经济物质代谢、低效的人与自然共生空间格局、低效的路径依赖是制约黄河流域社会经济生态转型、实现黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展的关键因素;最后,提出了推进黄河流域经济物质代谢转型、空间重构和路径创造的关键性战略对策,即:做实以水定城、以水定人和以水定产,加快建设能源互联网黄河流域,推进别具一格创新驱动发展,打造信息网络强河以及推进流域经济深度一体化全球化。本文对深刻认识和把握黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展机理和方略具有一定理论和现实价值。

In view of the major national strategic demands for ecological protection and high-quality devel⁃opment of the Yellow River basin,this paper points out that alleviating the contradiction between"Full-world economy"and development is the principal contradiction between ecological protection and eco⁃nomic and social development of the Yellow River basin,and promoting the transformation of society,econ⁃omy and ecology is the fundamental solution to the contradiction.More concretely,this paper firstly puts forward a three-dimensional analysis framework"element-space-time",and makes it clear that this frame⁃work should be applied to promote the socio-economic ecological transformation,ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin.Then,based on the framework,it is identified the fac⁃tors that restrict the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin,includ⁃ing the lagged transformation of material metabolism mode,inefficient symbiotic space pattern between hu⁃man and nature and path dependence.Finally,the key strategic countermeasures are proposed to promote the economic transformation,spatial reconstruction and path creation of the Yellow River basin,such as en⁃suring cities,people and production to be determined by water,accelerating the development of the Yellow River basin based on energy internet,promoting innovation-driven development with a unique style,build⁃ing a strong information network,and promoting economic integration and globalization of the Yellow River basin.This paper has a certain theoretical and practical value for a deep understanding and grasp of the mechanism and strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin.