基体强化元素对铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料显微结构及性能的影响

Effect of matrix strengthening elements on microstructure and properties of Cumatrix powder metallurgy friction materials

为了探讨不同含量的Sn、Ni、Cr元素对铜基粉末冶金摩擦材料性能及显微结构的影响,采用粉末冶金技术制备了4组铜基摩擦材料,分别测试材料的压缩强度、硬度和摩擦磨损性能及显微结构。研究结果表明:合金元素能强化基体,显著提高材料的力学性能。Ni能显著提高摩擦因数,但会导致磨损率较高。3%Sn的加入,提升了材料的耐磨损性能,降低对偶擦伤。Ni和Cr元素增强铜基材料的磨损机制主要为黏着磨损和犁沟效应,而其他材料的磨损机制主要为剥离磨损和犁沟效应的共同作用。

To study the effects of different contents of Sn,Ni and Cr elements on the properties and microstructure of Cu-based powder metallurgy(PM)friction materials,four copper-based friction materials were fabricated via power metallurgy technology.The strength,hardness,friction and wear properties and microstructure of the prepared materials were tested respectively.The results show that alloying elements strengthen the matrix and improve the mechanical properties of the composites.Ni element significantly improves friction coefficient,however,causes the increase of wear rate.Adding 3%Sn,the wear-resisting properties of materials improve,and the wear of mating materials reduces.The wear mechanism of Ni and Cr elements reinforcing Cu-based material mainly is composed of the explaination and adhesive wear,the others are composed of the peel wear and abrasive wear.