1Mumford, Lewis. The Story of Utopias. New York: Boni and Liveright, 1922.
2Levitas, Ruth, The Concept of Utopia, New York, London, Toronto, Tokyo, Singapore : Philip Allan, 1990, p. 4.
3Mumford, lewis. The Story of Utopias. New York : Viking Press, 1922.
4Kateb, George. Utopia and its Enemies. New York: Schoeken Books, 1972.
5See Boesky, Amy. Founding Fictions: Utopias in Ealy Modern England. Athens & London: The University of Georgia Press, P. 2,1996.
6A L Aldridge, "Utopianism in World Literature", Tamkang Review, 14, No. 1 - 4 ( Autura1983 - Summer 1984).
7Ma, Qian, ldeality and reality: Feminist utopias and the patriarchal world in eighteenth - century Chinese and English fiction, Emory University ( Phd Dissertation), 1997.
8Chang, Hui- chuan, literary Utopia & Chinese Utopian literature: A Genreic Appraisal( Phd Dissertation), University of Massachusetts, 1986.
9Hsiao- ting Yang, Utopian Tradition in Chinese Literature: A Sampling Study, Diss. National Taiwan Univ. ,1980, pp. 67-87 pp. 85- 106.
10Kumar, Krishan, Utopianism,Milton Keynes,Open University Press, p. 25,1991.
