居民癌症健康素养量表的编制与修订

Development and revision of Cancer Health Literacy Scale for Chinese residents

目的初步编制适用于我国居民的癌症健康素养量表并评价其信效度,为了解居民癌症防治健康素养水平及特点提供工具。方法根据世界卫生组织提出的健康素养定义以及恶性肿瘤防治特点确定理论框架,通过文献复习、专家咨询并结合我国相关政策构建量表条目池,采用离散趋势法、区分度法、校正题项-总相关系数法、克朗巴赫系数、因子分析法进行题项筛选,通过克朗巴赫系数法、Pearson相关、探索性因子分析与验证性因子分析检验量表的信效度。结果经过5种方法筛选后量表保留37个条目,围绕癌症认知能力(4因子17项)、癌症应对能力(4因子13项)以及健康行为信念(2因子7项)3个分量表进行构建,各分量表间的相关系数范围为0.19~0.54,与总量表得分相关系数范围为0.53~0.85(均P<0.01),总量表内部一致性克朗巴赫α系数为0.858,各分量表克朗巴赫α系数均>0.71。结论本研究编制的癌症健康素养量表具有良好的信度和效度,可以作为了解我国普通居民癌症防治健康素养的测量工具。

OBJECTIVE To develop a cancer Health Literacy Scale for residents,evaluate its reliability and validity,and provide tools for understanding the level and characteristics of health literacy in cancer prevention and treatment.METHODS Combining the definition of health literacy provided by WHO and characteristics of cancer prevention and treatment,we defined the theoretical framework of the scale.Five methods such as:discrete trend method,differentiation method,calibration item-total correlation coefficient method,Cronbach’sαcoefficient,factor analysis were used to select the items,and the reliability and validity of the scale were tested by Cronbach’sαcoefficient,Pearson correlation,exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.RESULTS Totally 37 items were retained after selected,and it was divided into three subscales:aspect of cancer cognition(17 items for 4 factors),aspect of cancer coping(13 items for 4 factors)and aspect of healthy behavior belief(7 items for 2 factors).The correlation coefficient of each subscale was 0.19-0.54,and the correlation coefficient with the score of the total scale was 0.54-0.84(P<0.01),the Cronbach’sαcoefficient of the total scale was 0.858,and the coefficients of each subscale were>0.71.CONCLUSION The cancer health literacy scale developed in this study has good reliability and validity,which can be used as a tool to measure the health literacy of Chinese residents in cancer prevention.