宫内节育器取出后宫颈黏液铜离子浓度变化及生育力恢复情况

Changes of copper ion concentration in cervical mucus and recovery of fertility after IUD removal

目的了解使用宫内节育器(intrauterine device,IUD)对象取器时宫颈铜离子浓度含量,及取器后生育力恢复情况。方法通过前瞻性队列研究的方法,共收集2018年1~12月江苏省某市免费孕前健康检查的164例研究对象,其中IUD组83例,对照组81例,IUD组为使用IUD 3个月以上妇女,对照组为使用避孕套且从未放置过含铜IUD的妇女,测量IUD组在取器前及取器后1个月宫颈铜离子含量,对照组在停用避孕措施时的宫颈铜离子含量。随访1年了解两组对象之后的妊娠情况。结果IUD组取器前铜离子含量明显高于对照组,不同类型IUD及不同使用时间其宫颈铜离子浓度均高于对照组(P<0.05)。取器后1个月铜离子与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。取器后IUD组的生育力与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。异常妊娠结局比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论IUD对象的宫颈铜离子浓度在取器后1个月即恢复正常,暂未发现IUD使用会影响之后妊娠及妊娠结局的情况。

Objective To understand the concentration of copper ions in the cervix and the fertility recovery when removal the intrauterine device(IUD).Methods Through the method of prospective cohort study,a total of 164 subjects of free pre-pregnancy health check-ups in a city in Jiangsu Province from January to December 2018 were collected.Among them,83 were in the IUD group,81 were in the control group.The IUD group used IUD for more than 3 months,the control group were women who used condoms and had never placed a copper-containing IUD.Measured the cervical copper ion content of the IUD group before and 1 month after the removal of the device,and the cervical copper ion of the control group when the contraceptive measures were stopped.Followed up for 1 year to understand the pregnancy situation of the two groups.Results The copper ion content of the IUD group before the removal of the instrument was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the cervical copper ion concentration of different types of IUDs and different use time were higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between the copper ion one month after the removal of the device compared with the control group(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in fertility between the IUD group and the control group after removal of the device(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the outcome of abnormal pregnancy(P>0.05).Conclusion Cervical copper ion concentration of women using IUD returned to normal one month after the removal of the device.It has not been found that IUD use will affect the subsequent pregnancy and pregnancy outcome.