《天堂》对现实世界“乌托邦”之困境的展现和反思

A reflection on the dilemma of“Utopia”in the real world inParadise

大多数中西方“乌托邦”文本的作者都致力于在虚幻空间打造“乌托邦”完美瑰丽的幻境,可是他们惧怕让“乌托邦”从虚幻的“别处”回归“此处”的现实世界。然而莫里森与他们恰恰相反,她在《天堂》里着力展现了“此处”现实世界的“乌托邦”面临的种种困境乃至毁灭的历程,以期借此引领人们反思现实世界乌托邦陨落的原因,从而找到把对天堂的热望和无效的努力转变成可行的行动方法。

Most authors of Chinese and Western“utopian”texts are committed to creating a perfect and magnificent fantasy of“utopia”in the unreal space,but they never dare to let“utopia”return to the real world of“here”from the unreal“elsewhere”.On the contrary,inParadise,Morrison focuses on the plight and destruction of utopia in the real world“here”.It is hoped that this will lead people to reflect on the causes of the fall of utopia in the real world,so as to find a way to turn the longing for heaven and ineffective efforts into feasible actions.