明代名臣孙传庭考证三题

Textual research of three questions about Sun Chuanting in Ming Dynasty

明代名臣孙传庭,文武兼资,曾俘获兵力最强的农民军首领高迎祥,消灭农民军兵力最广的首领拓养坤。但明清文献对孙传庭的部分个人信息记载不一,真假难辨,如家乘真伪、会试年份、失踪疑案等。要厘清家乘真伪,必须先确定家乘编修者的身份,然后再对所记内容进行考证;明代的会试逢辰、戌、丑、未年举行,依照惯例可确定孙传庭的会试年份;通过对当时文人笔记等史料的考证,可以得出孙传庭被乱卒枪刺而死的史实。

Sun Chuanting,a famous official in the Ming Dynasty,had captured Gao Yingxiang,the leader of the peasant army with the strongest force,and eliminated Tuo Yangkun,the leader of the most powerful peasant army.However,some personal information records of Sun Chuanting in Ming and Qing Dynasties are different,which makes it difficult to distinguish the true from the false,such as the authenticity of the family,the year of taking examination,and the missing case.In order to clarify the authenticity of Jiacheng,we must first determine the identity of the compiler of Jiacheng,and then make textual research on the recorded contents.The meeting examination of Ming Dynasty was held every Chen,Xu,Chou and Wei years.According to the Convention,the year of Sun Chuanting’s meeting can be determined.Through the textual research on the notes of literati at that time,we can get the historical fact that Sun Chuanting was shot and killed in disorder.