中国城市生活污泥堆肥技术标准及政策分析

Technical Standards and Policy Analysis of Domestic Sewage Sludge Composting in China

城市污泥堆肥技术是当前符合我国国情的最有价值的污泥处理方式。国外城市生活污水污泥堆肥利用率较高,而我国在这方面的应用进展缓慢。通过分析目前我国城市生活污泥堆肥相关的技术标准、政策及法规,从原料、产品、环境角度分析了污泥堆肥技术利用中存在的问题:相关标准出台过多,地方标准有待出台;污泥处理主要责任不明确,无经济支撑体系;污泥处理产业链不完整及人们对污泥堆肥认识不足等。建议合理合并现行标准,由国家承担污泥处理的主体责任,在补贴和税收政策方面给予支持,建立完整的产业链结构并加强相关污泥堆肥的宣传和施用的引导。

Municipal sludge compost is the most valuable treatment method in accordance with the national conditions.The utilization rate of municipal sewage sludge composting is higher in foreign countries,but the application progress in China is slow.This paper attempts to analyze the problems existing in the process of sludge composting from the raw materials,products and environment through the current technical standards,policies and regulations.The results show that there are too many relevant standards,but local standards need to be introduced.And the main responsibility of sludge treatment is not clear,with no economic support system.The sludge treatment industry chain is incomplete and people’s understanding is insufficient.It is suggested that the current standards should be reasonably merged,the state should assume the main responsibility for sludge treatment,and provide support in terms of subsidy and tax policiesto establish a complete industrial chain structure and strengthen the publicity and application guidance of sludge composting.