企业规范发明人署名的意义及措施探讨

Discussion on the Significance and Measures of Standardizing the Signature of Inventors in Enterprises

发明人的署名权是一种精神权利,属于人身权的一种,是对发明人的创造性劳动应有的精神上的奖励。我国专利法及其实施细则里规定,发明人或者设计人有权在专利文件中写明自己是发明人。发明人是指对发明创造的实质性特点作出创造性贡献的人。因此,发明人的署名顺序应该按照对发明创造的实质性特点作出创造性贡献的大小来进行排序。同时,我国专利法及其实施细则还规定了职务发明创造的发明人有获得奖励和报酬的权利。既然按照作出的创造性贡献大小进行署名排序,第一发明人的贡献最大,其获得专利奖励和报酬的比例原则上应该最高。因此,发明人的署名不仅是精神上的奖励和肯定,也是物质奖励发放的依据。在企业专利工作中,如果不对发明人的署名进行规范化管理,将给企业招致不必要的法律风险,更将极大损害企业创新文化氛围。

The right of authorship of the inventor is a kind of spiritual right,belonging to a kind of personal right,which is a spiritual reward due to the inventor's creative work.The patent law and the detailed rules for its implementation stipulate that the inventor or creator has the right to name himself as the inventor in the patent document.An inventor is a person who makes a creative contribution to the substantive features of an invention-creation.Inventors should therefore be listed in the order of their creative contributions to the substantive features of the invention.Meanwhile,China's patent and implementation rules also stipulate that the inventor of a service invention-creation has the right to receive rewards and remuneration.Since the first inventor has contributed the most,the proportion of reward and reward for the patent should,in principle,be the highest,since the order of signature is based on the amount of creative contribution made.Therefore,the inventor's signature is not only a spiritual reward and affirmation,but also the basis for the issuance of material rewards.In the enterprise patent work,if the signature of the inventor is not standardized management,it will bring unnecessary legal risks to the enterprise,and will greatly damage the innovation culture atmosphere of the enterprise.