论被害人同意的正当化根据与界限--人的尊严限制论的提倡

Research on the Justification and Boundary of Consent:Advocacy of the Restriction from Human Dignity

被害人同意的正当化根据与限制被害人同意效力范围的根据应分开讨论。被害人同意的正当化根据在于对自我决定的尊重,这从根本上源于自由主义、个人主义的刑法观。刑法仅消极保护个人自由不受侵犯,没有义务积极促进个人的自由发展与自我实现。被害人同意的效力范围受到“人的尊严”的限制。“人的尊严”的调和功能与宪法根据为人的尊严限制论提供了外在体系支持,“人的尊严”的独立性、终极性、客观性为人的尊严限制论提供了内在理论根据。适用人的尊严限制论应遵循一定的规则,行为严重地否定“人的尊严”时,被害人同意无效。

The justification of consent should be discussed separately from the basis for limiting the effect of consent.The justification for consent is based on the respect for self-determination,which is derived from the criminal view from the perspectives of liberalism and individualism.Criminal law only passively protects individual freedom from infringement and has no obligation to actively promote self-development and self-realization.The effect of consent is limited by human dignity.The reconciliation function of human dignity and the constitution basis provide system support for the restriction from human dignity.The independence,ultimacy and objectivity of human dignity provide internal support for the restriction from human dignity.Some principles should be followed to apply the theory of restriction from human dignity.If the dignity of victims is seriously denied,the consent is invalid.