中国新文学的“史诗”经验与“整体性历史”品格

“Epic”Experience of China s New Literature and“Holistic History”Character

“史诗”具有悠久的西方文学传统,黑格尔、马克思等对其都有过经典论述,而在中国现代以来新文学的发展历程中,“史诗”则不仅因中国文学叙事传统的传承而从体裁转为风格的体认,“史诗性”也在20世纪中国小说“现代化”演变的意义上,逐渐成为中国当代小说的整体取向以及评价中国当代文学的标准之一,进而使中国当代小说中始终存在着一个“史”与“诗”的辩证问题,并特别在当代女性写作的“类史诗”和21世纪文学的“整体性历史”中得以充分呈现,其“类史诗”是个人化历史叙事向“史诗”发展的一个过渡阶段,而“整体性历史”则一直存在于当代作家的文学建构当中。

“Epic”has a long history in western literary tradition.Hegel,Marx and many other great westerners all have their classic comments,and since modern time in China,in the development process of China s new literature“epic”switches in recognition from genre to style.“Epic characteristic”in the sense of 20 th century Chinese novels“modernized”evolution gradually becomes one standard of the general orientation of modern Chinese literature and of evaluating modern Chinese literature,and moreover,brings modern Chinese novels an everlasting dialectic issue of“history”and“poetry”,which is particularly embodied in the quasi epic of modern women writing and also in“holistic history”of 21st century literature.“Quasi epic”is a transitional stage from personal historical narration to the development of“epic”,and“holistic history”is always in the literary construction of modern writers.