2020年上半年动物卫生相关技术性贸易措施官方通报情况综述

Review on the Official Notification Concerning Technical Trade Measures Related to Animal Health in the First Half of 2020

为了解涉及我国动物卫生领域的WTO SPS通报情况,分析其特点和发展趋势,对2020年上半年全球动物卫生相关技术贸易措施总体情况进行了汇总分析。2020年上半年全球提交的动物卫生领域SPS通报数量大幅上升,比2019年同期增加了42%,尤其是贸易禁令类通报增加更为显著,增加了2倍;提交通报的国家或地区更为广泛,既有美国、日本、新西兰等发达国家及欧盟,也有俄罗斯、泰国、哥伦比亚等发展中国家;通报的内容主要涉及COVID-19,其次是非洲猪瘟、高致病性禽流感、马梨形虫病、口蹄疫等动物卫生事件以及相关动物卫生标准。分析认为:技术性贸易措施已得到越来越多的国家,包括发展中国家的重视,重大卫生事件是全球动物卫生领域通报的主要事由。我国应加强动物产品贸易国的标准法规跟踪研究以及重大卫生事件的防控,积极参与SPS通报及评议,努力消除WTO通报对动物和动物产品国际贸易产生的影响。本文对于我国加强WTO动物卫生技术性贸易措施的应对和预警提供了参考。

In order to identify the status of WTO SPS notification concerning animal health in China,analyze its characteristics and development trend,the general situation of technical trade measures concerning global animal health in the first half of 2020 was summarized and analyzed.In the first half of 2020,the number of SPS notifications concerning animal health submitted had been increased significantly through the world by 42%compared with the same period in 2019,especially the notifications on trade ban had been tripled;the notifications had been submitted by more countries,including the United States,Japan,New Zealand,European Union and other developed countries,as well as Russia,Thailand,Colombia and other developing countries;the notifications mainly involved COVID-19,followed by African swine fever(ASF),highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI),Equine Piriformis(EP),Foot-and-mouth disease(FMD)and other animal health events as well as relevant standards.It was analyzed that the technical trade measures had been concerned by more and more countries,including developing countries,and the main reason for such notification was major health events.In China,follow-up study on national standards and regulations concerning animal product trade as well as the control of major health events should be strengthened,SPS notification and evaluation should be actively taken part in,so as to eliminate all impacts brought by WTO notification on international trade of animals and animal products.Some references were hereby provided to strengthen response to WTO animal health technical trade measures and early warning in China.