面向生态监管的国家生态质量监测网络构建框架

The Framework of Ecological Quality Monitoring Network for Ecological Supervision

从生态监管对生态质量评价的需求角度梳理了我国生态监测的现状及存在问题,分析了我国构建生态质量监测网络的必要性,并从网络建设目的、原则、空间布局、监测内容和工作机制等5个方面提出了国家生态质量监测网络的构建思路,最后指出“十四五”期间国家生态质量监测网络的重点任务,即开展生态质量综合观测站建设并进行生态功能相关监测和评估研究,开展生态质量监测样地系统建设并进行生态系统结构组成监测,从引导生态保护修复的科学性和提高自然生态用地利用效率出发开展生态质量监测和评价的尝试,建成天-空-地一体化的生态质量监测与预警体系。

From the perspective of ecological supervision requirements for ecological quality assessment,the current situation and existing problems of ecological monitoring in China are sorted out,and the necessity of constructing ecological quality monitoring network in China is expounded in this paper.The construction idea of national ecological quality monitoring network is put forward from five aspects:the purpose,principle,spatial layout,monitoring content and working mechanism.The key tasks of the national ecological quality monitoring network during the 14th Five-Year Plan period are proposed,that is,to carry out the construction of ecological quality comprehensive observation station and conduct observation,monitoring and evaluation of ecological functions,to carry out the construction of ecological quality monitoring sample plot system and conduct ecological system structure composition monitor,to carry out the attempt of ecological quality monitoring and evaluation in order to guide the scientificity of ecological protection and restoration and improve the utilization efficiency of natural ecological land.Finally,the ecological quality monitoring and early warning system basing on the integrated monitoring technology of remote sensing and ground will be established.