海拔对不同基因型烤烟烟叶化学成分和致香成分含量的影响

Effects of Altitudes on Chemical Components and Aroma Components in Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves with Different Genotypes

为探究海拔和基因型对烤烟的化学成分及中性致香成分含量的影响,在不同海拔试点,以7个烤烟品种为材料,对烤后烟叶化学成分和中性致香成分含量进行检测并分析。结果表明:各品种烤烟烟叶中还原糖、总糖、烟碱含量在不同海拔试点差异较大,总氮、钾含量差异不明显。各品种烤烟烟叶致香成分种类在不同海拔试点差异不大,但其含量有一定差别。低海拔试点烤烟醛类、酮类、酯类、萜烯类中性致香成分含量较高;高海拔试点烤烟糖含量、糖碱比较高,且有较高的呋喃类、醇类、酚类含量。在低海拔试点,毕纳1号、云烟85和K326化学成分较为协调;在高海拔地区,云烟85、红大和K326的化学成分更为适宜。在低海拔试点,红大、云烟85、毕纳1号的中性致香成分含量较高;在高海拔试点,云烟85、云烟87和毕纳1号的中性致香成分含量较高。综合分析认为,云烟85、毕纳1号和K326在低海拔地区综合表现较好,云烟85、毕纳1号和黔西1号适宜在高海拔地区种植。

To study the effects of altitudes and genotypes on chemical components and neutral aroma substances in tobacco leaves from different flue-cured varieties,we took seven flue-cured tobacco varieties as research materials,measured and analyzed chemical components and neutral aroma substances of different flue-cured tobacco varieties from different altitudes.The results showed that there were significant differences among reduced sugar,total soluble sugar and nicotine,while there were not significant differences between total nitrogen and potassium content at different altitude.Aroma components of various tobacco leaves were basically the same,but there were some differences in content.The content of total sugar furans,sugar alkali,alcohol and phenols in tobacco leaves at high altitudes were higher,while the content of aldehyde,ketones,esters and terpenoid in leaves at low altitudes were higher.The chemical composition content in Bina 1,Yunyan 85,K326 at low altitudes were more coordinated,and Yunyan 85,Hongda,K326 at high altitudes were more suitable.The total contents of aromatic matter in Hongda,Ynyan 85,Bina 1 at low altitudes and Yunyan 85,K326,Bina 1 at high altitudes were high.It was concluded that Yunyan 85,Bina 1 and K326 were suitable at low altitudes.Yunyan 85,Bina 1 and Qianxi 1 were suitable at high altitudes.