公路隧道非对称配光照明质量分析

Lighting Quality of Asymmetric Light Distribution in Highway Tunnels

利用灯具光强在道路纵断面上非对称配光,形成顺、逆光照明和对称照明3种照明类型,以探讨非对称配光在公路隧道中的照明质量问题。研究采用足尺试验与数值仿真相互对比的方法,对3种照明类型在水泥混凝土和沥青混凝土路面上的照明效能进行分析,其中主要照明质量评价指标为路面平均亮度、平均照度、均匀度、STV和TI。研究工况表明:隧道路面为水泥混凝土时,3种照明类型下相差较小,平均亮度相互差值不超过各自值的4.74%,平均照度相互差值不超过各自值的10.2%,均匀度相互差值不超过各自值的5.26%。隧道路面为沥青混凝土时,逆光照明路面平均亮度相比顺光照明和对称照明分别增益了96%和46%;逆光照明时小目标可见度分别是顺光照明的2.6倍和对称照明的1.8倍;逆光照明时阈值增量较高,但仍在可接受的范围内,中间段照明不会对驾驶安全造成较大的负面影响。

By using the light intensity of lamps and lanterns to distribute light asymmetrically on the longitudinal section of the road,three kinds of illumination types,such as forward,backward lighting and symmetrical lighting,were formed to explore the illumination quality of asymmetric light distribution in highway tunnels.The contrast method between full-scale test and numerical simulation was used to analyze the lighting efficiency of three types of lighting on cement concrete and asphalt concrete pavement.The main evaluation indexes of lighting quality were average brightness,average illumination,uniformity,STV and TI of road surface.The research results show that when the tunnel pavement is cement concrete,differences in evaluation indicators for all three types of lighting are small.The average brightness difference does not exceed 4.74%of the respective values,the average illuminance difference does not exceed 10.2%of the respective values,and the uniformity difference does not exceed 5.26%of the respective values.When the tunnel pavement is asphalt concrete,the average brightness of the backlight pavement is 96%and 46%higher than that of the forward lighting and symmetrical lighting respectively;the visibility of small targets in backlighting is 2.6 times higher than that in forward lighting and 1.8 times than that in symmetrical lighting;the threshold increment of backlight illumination is higher,but it is still within the acceptable range,and the middle section lighting will not cause great negative impact on driving safety.