土骨架的新概念与红粘土的结构

New Concept of Soil Skeleton and Structure of Red Clay

论文用土骨架的新概念对红粘土的结构进行分析。红土中的絮状体、迭聚体也可以称为(铁胶)粘聚体。土中粘粒(包括胶粒)之间,由化学键(离子键及共价键)、氢键、分子键形成的联接统称为广义结合水膜;不包括收缩膜。相对的,按水膜、羟铁矿、针铁矿、赤铁矿排列,红粘土的粘土矿物颗粒之间的联接为:微胶结、弱胶结、中胶结、强胶结。按微结构单元+链状连结+大孔隙的总土体模式,分析了红粘土的大气张力有效应力与抗剪强度。分析了“上硬下软”的天然红粘土骨架。土工试验得到的饱和度与红粘土的状态相矛盾。分析了改良红粘土的土骨架。典型的红粘土骨架可以称为粘聚体群骨架,动力作用时群体运动。天然红粘土中,粘聚体之间的联接为链状连结,压实后为(铁胶)粘土充填。

A new concept of soil skeleton is used to analyze the structure of red clay.The flocculent and supernumerary bodies in laterite may also be called(iron glue)cohesive bodies.The connections between clay particles(including micelles)in soil,formed by chemical bonds(ionic bonds and covalent bonds),hydrogen bonds and molecular bonds are collectively referred to as generalized bound water films;not including shrink film.In contrast,in order of water film,hydroxyrite,goethite and hematite,the connection between clay mineral particles of red clay is as follows:microcementation,weak cementation,medium cementation and strong cementation.Atmospheric tension effective stress and shear strength were analyzed according to the total soil mass model of microstructure unit+chain link+macropores.The natural red clay skeleton of"upper hard and lower soft"was analyzed.The saturation obtained by the geotechnical test is inconsistent with the state of red clay.The soil skeleton of modified red clay was analyzed.A typical red clay skeleton may be called a cohesive group skeleton,dynamic action is group movement.In natural red clay,the connections between the adhesives are chain links,and the compacted clay is filled with iron glue.