肝癌术后患者出院准备度及其影响因素分析

Study of readiness for hospital discharge and its influencing factors among patients with liver cancer after surgery

目的了解肝癌术后患者出院准备度并探讨其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查研究方法,选取2019年1–4月期间在四川大学华西医院肝脏外科行肝癌根治手术并计划1~2 d内出院的肝癌患者200例作为研究对象。采用问卷调查的方式对患者一般信息及出院准备度相关信息进行调查分析。结果本研究共发放200份问卷,回收195份,其中有效问卷184份,最终有效回收率92%(184/200)。184例患者的出院准备度评估量表的4个维度得分情况:自身状况得分(42.55±12.36)分,疾病知识得分(51.68±17.58)分,出院后应对能力得分(21.05±6.86)分,可获得的社会支持得分(31.85±7.56)分;量表总得分(147.07±36.25)分,184例肝癌患者中有148例(80.4%)准备好出院。单因素分析结果显示,出院准备度得分与患者的性别、家庭人均月收入、术前合并疾病和术后带管时间有关(P<0.05);对此进一步进行多因素回归分析结果显示,家庭人均月收入和术前合并疾病是影响出院准备度得分的重要因素(P<0.05)。结论从本研究对我院肝癌患者术后出院准备度的研究结果看,患者的出院准备度总体较好,性别、家庭人均月收入、术前合并疾病和术后带管时间与肝癌患者术后出院准备度有关,其中家庭人均月收入和术前合并疾病是其重要的影响因素。

Objective To investigate status of readiness for hospital discharge of patients with liver cancer after radical surgery and to explore its influencing factors.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted,a total of 200 patients with liver cancer after the radical resection who were planned to discharge within 1 to 2 days in this hospital from January to April 2019 were selected as the study subjects.The general informations and informations relevant readiness for hospital discharge of patients were investigated and analyzed by the questionnaire.Results In this study,200 questionnaires were distributed,of which 195 were recovered,and 184 were valid,the final effective recovery rate was 92%(184/200).The scores of 4 dimensions of readiness for hospital discharge in 184 patients:The own status was 42.55±12.36,disease knowledge was 51.68±17.58,and response ability was 21.05±6.86,social support available was 31.85±7.56,and the total score of readiness for hospital discharge was 147.07±36.25.One hundred and eighty-four(80.4%)of 184 patients were prepared to discharge.The univariate analysis results showed that the readiness for hospital discharge score was related to the gender,monthly income per household,preoperative comorbidities,and time with tube after the operation(P<0.05);Further the multiple regression analysis showed that the monthly income per household and preoperative comorbidities were the important influencing factors for it(P<0.05).Conclusions According to results of this study on readiness for hospital discharge of patients with liver cancer after operation in this hospital,readiness for hospital discharge is better,and gender,monthly income per household,preoperative comorbidities,and time with tube after operation are influence factors for it,of which monthly income per household and preoperative comorbidities are important influencing factors.