陶瓷板太阳能集热器冬季养殖水体升温试验研究

Experimental study on ceramic plate solar collector for aquaculture water heating in winter

为研究陶瓷板太阳能集热器用于冬季养殖水体升温的可行性,开展了不同工况条件下的水体升温试验研究,通过测量其主要运行参数,对集热器水体升温幅度和得热量进行对比分析,讨论了不同工况条件对其集热效果的影响。结果显示:陶瓷板太阳能集热器的水体升温幅度和得热量与保温结构有明显的关联性。当处于晴天且流量相同时,有保温结构太阳能集热器的水体平均升温幅度较无保温结构太阳能集热器高28.2%,累积得热量及日有用得热量分别高36.5%、56.0%;阴天条件下,有保温结构集热器的水体平均升温幅度比无保温结构集热器高1.9℃,得热量均为负值;此外,随着室外气温降低和风速增加,集热器的水体升温幅度和得热量均呈下降趋势,当气温低于0℃时,无保温结构集热器的水体平均升温幅度较有保温结构集热器降低2.8℃,累积得热量低56%。研究表明,冬季为养殖水体升温时,保温结构更有利于提高陶瓷板太阳能集热器的集热性能。

To study the feasibility of using ceramic plate solar collector to raise the temperature of aquaculture water in winter,the water heating experiments under different working conditions were carried out,the water temperature increment and heat gain of the collector were compared and analyzed by measuring the main operating parameters,and the influence of different working conditions on the heat collection effect was discussed.Results showed that the water temperature increment and heat gain of the ceramic plate solar collector were significantly related to the thermal insulation structure.In sunny days and at the same flow rate,the average water temperature increment of the solar collector with thermal insulation structure was 28.2%higher than that of the solar collector without thermal insulation structure.The accumulated heat gain and daily available heat gain were 36.5%and 56.0%higher respectively.In cloudy days,the average water temperature increment of the collector with thermal insulation structure was 1.9℃higher than that of the collector without thermal insulation structure,and the heat gain was negative.In addition,it was found that with the decrease of outdoor air temperature and the increase of wind speed,the water temperature increment and heat gain of the collector decreased.When the air temperature was lower than 0℃,the average water temperature increment of the collector without thermal insulation structure was 2.8℃lower than that of the collector with thermal insulation structure,and the accumulated heat gain was 56%lower.It has demonstrated that the thermal insulation structure is more conducive to improve performance of the ceramic plate solar collector to raise the temperature of aquaculture water in winter.