歙县山核桃植株不同根际土壤理化性质分析

Analysis on Physical and Chemical Properties of Different Rhizosphere Soils of Chinese Hickory Plants in Shexian County

山核桃树是我国特有的经济树种,其果实因良好的口感和丰富的营养而备受欢迎。随着土壤污染、农药化肥滥用、水污染等问题蔓延,山核桃植株患病现象日益增多,但对致病因素研究较少。文章以采自歙县三阳镇慈坑村、杞梓里镇英坑村地区的患病、健康山核桃植株土壤为研究对象,对其有机质、pH值及速效氮、磷、钾等理化指标进行检测和分析。研究结果显示:慈坑村、英坑村地区患病山核桃植株根际土壤有机质处于第4级、速效氮处于第4~5级、速效磷处于第4~5级、速效钾处于第3~4级;而该地区健康山核桃植株根际土壤有机质处于第2级、速效氮处于第3~4级、速效磷处于第4级、速效钾处于第2级,数据表明健康山核桃植株根际土壤理化指标优于患病植株。土壤酸碱度测定结果显示,健康植株pH值分别为5.52和4.97;而患病植株pH值明显偏酸分别为4.77和4.62,已偏离山核桃最适生长pH值范围5.5~7.0。研究结果为山核桃种植区土壤肥力修复、酸碱度改善等提供了理论支持。

Chinese hickory tree is a special economic tree in China,whose fruit is popular for its good taste and rich nutrition.With the spread of soil pollution,abuse of pesticides and fertilizers,water pollution and other problems,Chinese hickory plants are increasingly attacked by diseases.However,there are few researches on the pathogenic factors.In this paper,the rhizosphere soils of the diseased and healthy Chinese hickory plants collected from Cikeng and Yingkeng Village of Shexian County are taken as the objects to detect and analyze the organic matter,pH value,available nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,and other physical and chemical indexes.The results show that the soil organic matter,the available nitrogen,the available phosphorus,and the available potassium of the sick plants from Cikeng and Yingkeng areas are of grade 4,grade 4 to 5,grade 4 to 5,and grade 3 to 4 respectively.However,the soil organic matter,the available nitrogen,the available phosphorus,and the available potassium of the healthy plants in this area are of grade 2,grade 3 to 4,grade 4,and grade 2 respectively.All these above data show that the physical and chemical indexes of the rhizosphere soil of the healthy plants are better than that of the diseased plants.The results of soil pH measurement revel that the pH values of the healthy plants are 5.52 and 4.97 respectively,while that of the diseased plants are 4.77 and 4.62 respectively,which indicates that the soil pH value has deviated from the optimal pH range of 5.5 to 7.0 for Chinese hickory plants to grow.The research results provide theoretical support for soil fertility restoration and pH improvement in this planting areas.