脉络膜上腔与手术

Suprachoroidal space and surgery

脉络膜上腔是脉络膜与巩膜之间的潜在间隙,长期以来是眼科手术的盲区,随着手术技术及器械的发展,许多学者对经脉络膜上腔手术方法进行了探索。例如脉络膜上腔注药、视网膜假体移植、脉络膜上腔加压以及脉络膜上腔引流等。脉络膜上腔给药是通过将药物注射到脉络膜上腔来达到眼后段给药的目的,能够充分保证给药浓度。脉络膜上腔是视网膜假体移植的理想植入点,可以更好的固定视网膜假体以及避免相关并发症。脉络膜上腔加压是近年来治疗孔源性视网膜脱离的新术式,通过往对应裂孔的脉络膜上腔处注入黏弹剂,产生一个脉络膜压痕来封闭视网膜裂孔。脉络膜上腔引流是使用植入物将房水引流至脉络膜上腔,最终通过巩膜胶原间隙排出。与传统手术相比,经脉络膜上腔手术方法有着独特的优点,但对其安全性、有效性以及使用的移植物需要进行更大样本的研究。

The suprachoroidal space is a potential space between the choroid and sclera,which has long been a blind area in ophthalmic surgery.With the development of surgical techniques and instruments,many researchers have explored the surgical methods in the suprachoroidal space, such as suprachoroidal injection,suprachoroidal retinal prosthesis transplantation,suprachoroidal buckling and suprachoroidal drainage.The suprachoroidal injection means to inject drugs into the suprachoroidal space to achieve the purpose of posterior segment administration,which can fully ensure the drug concentration.The suprachoroidal space is an ideal implantation site for retinal prosthesis transplantation,which can better fix the retinal prosthesis and avoid related complications. The suprachoroidal buckling is a new surgical method for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in recent years.Viscoelastics are injected into the suprachoroidal space at the corresponding retina tear to create a choroidal indentation to close the retinal hole.The suprachoroidal drainage is the use of implants to drain the aqueous humor into the suprachoroidal cavity,which is eventually discharged through the scleral collagen space.The suprachoroidal route has unique advantages compared with the traditional surgery,but its safety,effectiveness and the use of grafts need to be investigated in studies with large sample sizes.