流动儿童歧视知觉与心理健康关系的元分析

Relationship between perceived discrimination and mental health of migrant children:A meta-analysis of Chinese students

本研究基于心理健康双因素模型,通过运用元分析技术探讨流动儿童歧视知觉与各项心理健康指标的关系,以及调节变量对二者关系的影响,以期为提升流动儿童心理健康提供有效借鉴。经过文献检索和筛选,共纳入原始文献30篇,含49个独立样本,被试总数达到40351名。根据同质性检验结果,选择随机效应模型分析发现,流动儿童歧视知觉与积极心理健康指标存在中等程度的负相关(r=–0.323,95%CI为[–0.378,–0.266]),与消极心理健康指标存在中等程度的正相关(r=0.41,95%CI为[0.36,0.458])。流动儿童歧视知觉测量工具、学龄段对流动儿童歧视知觉与积极心理健康的关系存在显著的调节效应,而对流动儿童歧视知觉与消极心理健康的关系不存在显著的调节效应。同时,元回归分析结果发现,性别对二者的关系不存在显著的调节效应。后续研究应该进一步探索流动儿童歧视知觉与心理健康间的调节变量,结合中国流动儿童心理发展特点,探索提升流动儿童心理健康水平的新路径。

Migrant children are children aged 6~15 years(compulsory education stage)who leave their home country with their parents to study,live in the destination for more than half a year,and have no registered permanent residence.Being discriminated against and viewing oneself as a target of discrimination poses a threat to the mental health of migrant children.This meta-analysis was intended to estimate the association between perceived discrimination and various mental health conditions(positive and negative).Numerous studies have explored the relationship between perceived discrimination and mental health among Chinese migrant students.However,these results are far from consistent and mental health indicators need to be studied further.Therefore,this meta-analysis was conducted to explore the relation between perceived discrimination and positve and negative mental health indicators,and investigate the moderating effects of perceived discrimination,type of participants,and gender.Through literature retrieval,49 independent effect sizes were selected together with 40,351 participants,which met the inclusion criteria of meta-analysis.After coding the data,we analyzed independent effect sizes using the CMA 2.0 program.Heterogeneity test indicated that random effects model was suitable for the meta-analysis.The results of funnel plot and Egger’s intercept showed no publication bias.Main-effect test indicated a significant negative correlation between perceived discrimination and positive mental health indicators(r=–0.323,95%CI=[–0.378,–0.266]),and a significant positive correlation between perceived discrimination and negative mental health indicators(r=0.41,95%CI=[0.36,0.458]).Moderation analyses and meta-regression analysis revealed that the association between perceived discrimination and positive mental health indicators was moderated by tools of perceived discrimination and type of participants but not by the gender.Furthermore,the association between perceived discrimination and negative mental health indicators was moderated by tools of perceived discrimination,type of participants,and gender.According to the meta-analysis,the perception of discrimination and mental health of immigrant children were closely related.Identifying the mechanism of discrimination perception and mental health is necessary,and then helping migrant children to recover from their psychological predicament,and actively addressing the negative effects of perceived discrimination.Particular attention should be given to the relationship between perception of discrimination and positive mental health,and further protection should be ensured for migrant children at the junior secondary level.