《宋文鉴》编纂宗旨“以文为鉴”说

On the Prose as a Mirror for the Tenet of Song wenjian Compilation

学界关于《宋文鉴》编纂宗旨的研究主要有“党同伐异说”“治政说”“存一代文献说”“双重宗旨说”四种,各有其合理处,但未有定论。从“文鉴”书名出发,可以考知“以文为鉴”才是《宋文鉴》的编纂宗旨,“以文为鉴”包含“资政”“资文”的两层含义,同时在客观上有“存史”的意义。在“以文为鉴”编纂宗旨的作用下,吕祖谦采用了多种体例综合的选文方式。“以文为鉴”也正好体现了南宋官方文化建设的需求和吕祖谦家学的特点。

Focusing on the tenet for the compilation of Song Wenjian,an anthology of the Northern Song Period,the researches mainly involve the narrowly partisan theory,the political theory,the literature-reserving theory,and the duel principle theory,enjoying their own logical aspects while reaching no definite agreement.Starting from the title of wenjian in Chinese,this paper expounds that the prose as a mirror can be the tenet for the compilation of Song wenjian,which contains the implication of facilitating the politics and the literature,along with the objective significance of historical retainment.Guided by this tenet,Lü Zuqian adopted various ways to the selection of the writings.Meantime,the tenet that regards the prose as a mirror precisely reflects the needs of the official cultural construction of the Southern Song Dynasty as well as the characteristics of Lü Zuqian’s family education.