贵州安龙县耕地表层土壤营养元素地球化学特征

Geochemical Characteristics of Nutrient Elements in Surface Soil of Cultivated Land in Anlong County,Guizhou Province

在安龙县耕地质量地球化学调查评价的基础上,通过对不同成土母岩、不同土壤类型和不同耕地地类表层土壤中有机质、N、P、K、Mn、B、Cu、Mo、Zn等营养元素进行分析研究。研究结果表明:(1)营养元素平均含量由高到低依次为:有机质>K>N>Mn>P>Zn>B>Cu>Mo,其中P、Mn、Mo、Cu、Zn平均含量高于贵州和全国背景值;有机质、N、B平均含量高于全国背景值、低于贵州背景值;K平均含量低于贵州和全国背景值。有机质、N、P、K、B、Cu变异系数小于0.60,含量变化幅度相对较小;Mn、Mo、Zn变异系数在0.911.10间,含量变化幅度相对较大。(2)不同成土母岩土壤表层营养元素中,有机质与N、B,N与B,Mn与Zn在0.01水平上显著正相关。P与K在0.01水平上显著负相关;Cu与有机质、N、B在0.05水平上显著负相关。(3)不同土壤类型营养元素主要呈微-弱富集或微-弱贫化,仅石灰土中Mn为中等富集、红壤中Cu为中等贫化。耕地表层土壤营养元素富集与贫化受成土母岩、土壤类型和耕地地类影响,成土母岩为主要影响因素。

Based on cultivated land quality geochemical investigation and evaluation in Anlong county,the organic matter,N,P,K,Mn,B,Cu,Mo,Zn in the surface soil of cultivated land with different parent rock,soil type and cultivation was studied.The results showed:(1)the general trend of 9 nutrient element concentrations was as follows:Organic matter>K>N>Mn>P>Zn>B>Cu>Mo,the contents of P,Mn,Mo,Cu and Zn exceeded the soil element background of People’s Republic of China and Guizhou province,the levels of organic matter;N and B exceeded the soil element background of People’s Republic of China,less than the soil element background of Guizhou province;the concentrations of K was lower than the soil element background of Guizhou province.The variable coefficient of organic matter,N,P,K,B,Cu was lower than 0.6,which showed the range of concentration change is relatively small;The variable coefficient of Mn、Mo、Zn ranged from 0.91 to 1.10,indicating the range of concentration change is relatively large.(2)Among the nutrient elements of different parent rock,at 0.01 levels,organic matter show a significant positive correlation with N,B,N,B,and a significant positive relationship between Mn and Zn.P show a significant negative correlation with K(P<0.01 levels),Cu show a significant negative correlation with organic matter,N and B(P<0.05 levels).(3)Compared with soil background value of cultivated land of Anlong county,the most of nutrient elements in different soil type were mainly micro-weakly enriched or micro-weakly depleted,Mn in limestone soil was moderately enriched,Cu in red soil is moderately depleted.The enrichment and depletion of nutrient elements in surface soil of cultivated land are influenced by parent rock,soil type and cultivated land type.