电子垃圾拆解区铅暴露对儿童记忆功能的影响及其机制研究进展

The Influences and Mechanism of Decreased Memory in Children Exposed to Lead from E-waste Recycling and Dismantling Areas

铅作为电子垃圾拆解区的主要污染物之一,可通过吸入或摄入等方式进入人体,对机体产生损害。由于生理因素以及生活习惯的不同,导致儿童对铅暴露造成的机体损伤较成年人更为敏感。中枢神经系统是铅发挥毒作用的主要靶器官,铅中毒可导致儿童出现学习记忆能力下降、易怒、注意力缺陷多动症等神经行为障碍。学习和记忆属高级认知的范畴,是生物体赖以生存必不可缺的脑高级功能之一。本综述拟对电子垃圾拆解区儿童铅暴露水平、铅对儿童记忆功能的影响及其机制的研究进展进行探讨与总结。

As one of the main pollutants in the e-waste recycling and dismantling areas,lead can enter the human body through inhalation or ingestion and cause adverse effects to the body.Due to differences in physiology and habits,children are more susceptible to the adverse effects of Pb exposure than adults.The central nervous system is the main target organ of the toxic effect of lead.Neuropsychological dysfunction,like impaired cognitive function as memory and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,have been demonstrated in Pb-exposed children.Learning and memory belong to the category of higher cognition,which is one of the essential higher functions of brain.This review intends to discuss and summarize the research progress of the influences and mechanism of lead exposure on children's memory in e-waste recycling and dismantling areas.