8个藤本月季品种核型比较分析

Comparative Analysis on Karyotype of Eight Varieties of Rosa hybrid

【目的】旨在藤本月季远缘杂交选育和种质资源创新提供参考依据。【方法】采用常规压片法,以8个藤本月季品种为供试材料进行染色体核型分析与比较。【结果】结果表明:(1)8个藤本月季品种中除‘别墅’为二倍体(2n=2x=14),其他均为四倍体(2n=4x=28)。染色体基数为x=7,染色体数目为2n=14、28。未发现随体染色体,染色体类型中含有m,sm。(2)8个藤本月季品种核型包括1A、1B、2A,其中‘别墅’的核型为1B型‘;妩媚钢琴’的核型为2A型;其余品种均为1A型。(3)核型不对称系数变化在53.32%~57.72%,为此推测藤本月季各品种不对称程度低,进化程度不够先进。其中‘日内瓦玫瑰’进化程度低而‘安妮公主’进化相对最高。(4)最长与最短染色体比值在1.48~2.26之间。【结论】藤本月季品种间染色体核型存在明显差异,说明它们之间亲缘关系较远。

【Objective】In order to provide reference for the selection of distant hybridization and innovation of germplasm resources.【Method】Chromosome karyotype analysis and comparison were carried out with 8 varieties of Rosa hybrid by conventional tablet pressing method.【Result】The results showed that the chromosome basic number of Rosa hybrid were x=7,and chromosome number were 2n=14,28.they were tetraloid(2n=4x=28),except‘Villa’,which was diploid(2n=2x=14),no chromosome satellite was found in all varieties.The karyotypes of all varieties were made of m and sm chromosomes,which include 1A,1B and 2A,and the karyotype of‘Villa’belonged to 1B,‘Charming Piano’belonged to 2A,The karyotypes of the others belonged to 1A.The karyotype asymmetry coefficient was about 53.32%~57.72%.Therefore,it is inferred that the dissymmetry degree of each variety is low and the evolution degree is not advanced enough.‘Geneva Rose’is the most primitive and‘Princess Anne’is the most advanced.The ratio of the longest chromosome and the shortest chromosome ranged from 1.48 to 2.26.【Conclusion】There were significant differences in chromosome karyotypes among the varieties of Rosa hybrid,which indicated that their genetic relationships were far apart.