张掖黑河湿地近15 a来景观格局变化及其碳储量价值评估

Landscape Patterns Change of the Heihe Wetland of Zhangye and Its Value Assessment of Carbon Storage in Recent 15 Years

湿地是陆地表面重要的自然景观和碳库之一,具有较大的生态价值功能。以地处中国西北干旱区黑河流域中游的张掖黑河湿地国家级自然保护区为研究区,基于卫星遥感数据和地理国情普查资料,监测分析近15 a来保护区湿地景观格局的动态变化,并利用文献计量法对湿地碳储量进行估算,探讨2000年以来湿地碳储存价值功能变化。结果表明:近15 a来,保护区的湿地景观空间格局发生显著变化,景观整体呈破碎化和复杂化趋势,湿地总面积呈先减少后缓慢增加趋势,人类活动干扰加剧,湿地碳储量及其价值功能也随之发生相应变化。其中,2014年保护区湿地总碳储量约2.99×10^5 t,其碳储量价值约2.48×10^8元,较2000年分别减少5.9×10^4 t和5.2×10^7元。近年来,随着湿地保护区的建立,湿地生态环境逐渐得到改善。

Wetland is an important natural landscape,which is also one of important carbon storage pool of terrestrial ecosystems with great ecological service functions.Based on satellite remote sensing data and geographical conditions census data,the wetland landscape pattern and its dynamic change were monitored and analyzed during 2000-2014 in the Heihe Wetland National Nature Reserve of Zhangye,which located in the middle reaches of Heihe river basin of Northwest China arid area.And on this basis,the carbon storages of wetland and its ecological values were evaluated by using the biomass inventory and bibliometric methods.The results show that the change of wetland landscape patterns was significant in the Heihe Wetland National Nature Reserve of Zhangye in recent 15 years,and the landscape was fragmented gradually,as a whole.The area of wetland decreased at first and then increased slowly,the disturbance of human activity aggravated,which caused the corresponding changes of carbon storage and its service value and function.The total carbon storage of wetland in the nature reserve was about 2.99×10^5 t in 2014,and its value was about 2.48×10^8 Yuan,while they were 5.9×10^4 t and 5.2×10^7 Yuan less than that in 2000,respectively.In recent years,the eco-environment of wetland improved gradually since the establishment of nature reserve in Zhangye.