抗菌药物不合理应用致不良反应及预防对策

Adverse Reactions Caused by Unreasonable use of Antibacterial Drugs and Preventive Measures

目的分析抗菌药物不合理应用致不良反应的临床特点,并探讨抗菌药物不合理应用致不良反应的临床预防对策。方法抽取2017年1月至2019年5月沈阳七三九医院收治的120例因抗菌药物的不合理应用导致不良反应的病历资料及用药报告,回顾性分析不良反应的发生特点。结果抗菌药物不合理应用情况以药物配伍不合理(43.33%)、无明确指征用药(31.67%)为主。抗菌药物不合理应用致不良反应病例的男女比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),年龄分布以<10岁儿童为主。抗菌药物不合理应用致不良反应病例涉及的药物种类包括头孢菌素类、青霉素类,给药途径为静脉滴注,累及系统包括皮肤、消化系统。结论抗菌药物不合理应用易导致不良反应,其不良反应多发生于儿童,易累及皮肤及消化系统,临床上应根据其不良反应发生特点采取相应的预防措施。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of adverse reactions caused by unreasonable application of antibiotics,and to explore the clinical preventive measures of adverse reactions caused by unreasonable application of antibiotics.Methods From January 2017 to May 2019,120 cases of adverse reactions caused by unreasonable use of antimicrobial agents in Shenyang 739 Hospital were collected,and the occurrence characteristics of adverse reactions were analyzed retrospectively.Results Improper use of antibiotics was mainly caused by improper drug compatibility and no specific drug requisition,accounting for 43.33%and 31.67%,respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution ratio of male and female patients with adverse reactions caused by unreasonable use of antibiotics(P>0.05),and the age distribution was mainly in children<10 years old.Types of drugs involved in adverse reactions caused by unreasonable use of antibacterial drugs involved cephalosporins and penicillin’s,delivery route involved intravenous infusion,system involved skin and digestive system.Conclusion Improper use of antimicrobial agents can easily lead to adverse reactions,which are mainly distributed in children and involve the skin and digestive system.Preventive measures should be taken according to the characteristics of adverse reactions in clinical practice.