布依族生物多样性相关传统知识的多样性分析及保护对策

Diversity Analysis and Protection Countermeasure of Traditional Knowledge about Biodiversity by Buyi Nationality

原住民或少数民族积累的大量关于生物资源保护和利用的经验、技术和实践知识,通常被称为传统知识,这些传统知识在人类生产生活中体现出许多现代知识所不能替代的价值。本研究在实地调研基础上,对我国贵州省布依族聚居区的布依族生物资源利用相关传统知识进行了系统编目,探讨了布依族传统知识与生物资源的相互关系,并采用定量研究计算布依族传统知识多样性。结果表明布依族生物多样性相关传统知识丰富,共编目477条相关词条;布依族传统知识与生物资源及生物多样性密切相关,二者相辅相成;传统知识中,布依族的传统文化知识、农业遗传资源知识、传统技术及生产生活方式知识的多样性较高,α-多样性指数依次为0.79、0.78、0.76。最后本研究对布依族传统知识的保护与传承提出对策建议,包括建立电子数据库、发挥贵州省生态文明试验区的示范作用打造布依文化产业品牌工程、将传统知识保护纳入美丽中国建设内容机制。

Traditional knowledge(TK)is the experience,technological and practical knowledge accumulated by indigenous people or ethnic minorities on protection and utilization of biological resources.The value of these TK cannot be replaced by modern knowledge in human production and life.Here we catalog the TK systematically related to the utilization of the biological resources of the Buyi ethnic group in Guizhou province on the basis of field investigation,and we discusses the relationship between the TK and biological resources and calculates the diversity of the TK through quantitative research.The results show that the TK of Buyi people is rich,and 477 items are cataloged.TK of Buyi nationality is closely related to biological resources and biodiversity,and they complement each other.The diversity of traditional culture knowledge,agricultural genetic resources knowledge,traditional technology and production and lifestyle knowledge of Buyi nationality is high,and theα-diversity index is 0.79,0.78 and 0.76 respectively.Finally,we put forward the countermeasures and suggestions for protection and inheritance of TK of the Buyi,including establishing an electronic database,building Buyi cultural industry brand project through the demonstration function of ecological civilization pilot zone in Guizhou province,and integrating the protection of TK into the content mechanism of construction of beautiful China.