青年出血性脑血管病危险因素分析

ANALYSIS OF RISK FACTORS IN YOUNG HEMORRHAGIC CEREBRONASCULAR DISEASE

目的:探讨青年出血性脑血管病发病危险因素及特点。方法:选取2017-01~2019-12内蒙古医科大学附属医院住院年龄为18~45岁急性出血性脑血管病病人282例为病例组,对照组280例为同期自然人群,对所有病例一般资料、临床特点、实验室检查及影像学检查等资料整理后进行统计分析。结果:非条件多因素Logistic回归分析中,高血压、家族史、吸烟、性别、年龄和饮酒均是青年出血性脑血管病病人的重要危险因素;青年出血性脑血管病组中脑血管病史明显高于对照组,有统计学意义(P<0.05);218例脑出血病人中有38例行CTA或MRA或DSA检查,显示有18例为动静脉畸形引起的脑出血,占脑出血的8.3%(18/218);64例蛛网膜下腔出血病人中44例行CTA或MRA或DSA检查,其中32例颅内动脉瘤破裂引起的出血,占全部蛛网膜下腔出血病人的50%(32/64),占青年出血性脑血管病病人的11.4%(32/280)。结论:青年出血性脑血管病重要危险因素包括高血压、家族史、吸烟、年龄、性别、饮酒和脑血管病史等,其中主要的危险因素是高血压、动脉瘤和脑血管畸形。

Objective:To explore the risk factors and the characteristics in young hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease.Methods:282 cases were selected with young hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease in in-patient the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University from January 2017 and December 2019 and 280 cases of natural population were selected as control group in the same period whose age were between 18 to 45 years old. All data that include general parameters, laboratory parameters and imaging parameters were analyzed. Results: The important risk factors of young hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease from multivariate analysis were hypertension, cerebrovascular disease family history, smoking, age, sex and drinking. It was higher than the control group that the rate of history of cerebrovascular disease in young hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease group(p<0.05);38 cases were checked in 218 cases young hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease by CTA or MRA or DSA, the result displayed: 18 cases with arteriovenous malformation(8.3%). 44 cases were checked in 64 cases subarachnoid hemorrhage by CTA or MRA or DSA, the result displayed: 32 cases with arterial aneurysem(50%), and the ratio is 11.4% in all young hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease. Conclusion: The important risk factors of young hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease were hypertension, cerebrovascular disease family history, smoking, sex, age, drinking and history of cerebrovascular disease, and the main risk factors were hypertension, arterial aneurysm and arteriovenous malformation.