基于效率与公平的我国区域碳排放权初始分配研究

Initial Allocation of Regional Carbon Emission Rights in China Based on Efficiency and Equity

作为世界上的碳排放大国之一,中国将碳排放权交易作为国家节能减排战略的重要举措。科学合理分配各省碳排放权,既是是碳排放权交易的核心问题。也是中国实现减排目标的关键。本文研究如何在公平和效率两个原则权衡的视角下对我国碳排放权总量进行初始分配。在公平原则方面,比较分析历史平均原则、人口平均原则和支付能力平均原则,选择将支付能力平均分配原则引入综合分配原则中。在效率原则方面,通过零和DEA模型确定地区效率最大化时的初始配额分配方案。最后过熵值法将公平原则与效率原则的分配方案耦合形成综合配额分配方案。研究成果对于建立公平有效的初始碳配额分配机制、实现国家碳排放总量控制目标,促进我国走向高质量发展具有重要意义。

As one of the largest carbon emitters in the world,China regards carbon emission trading as an important measure of national energy conservation and emission reduction strategy.Scientific and reasonable allocation of provincial carbon emission rights is the core issue of carbon emission trading.It is also essential for China to meet its emission reduction targets.This paper studies how to make initial allocation of China’s total carbon emission permit from the perspective of balancing the two principles of fairness and efficiency.In the aspect of fairness principle,the historical average principle,population average principle and the principle of average ability to pay are compared and analyzed,and the average distribution principle of ability to pay is selected to be introduced into the principle of comprehensive distribution.In terms of efficiency principle,zero sum DEA model is used to determine the initial quota allocation scheme when the regional efficiency is maximized.Finally,the over-entropy method,coupling the allocation scheme of fairness principle and efficiency principle,forms the comprehensive quota allocation scheme.The research results are of great significance to the establishment of a fair and effective initial carbon quota allocation mechanism,the achivement of the national total carbon emission control target,and the promotion of China’s high-quality development.