论国家腐败治理体系中的民事治理——基于欧盟《反腐败民法公约》的启示

On Civil Governance in National Corruption Governance System——Inspiration from the Civil Law Convention on Corruption

《反腐败民法公约》作为迄今为止最早且最全面的民事反腐败法律文件,其中蕴含的民事治腐思路及举措为欧洲各国乃至世界各国吸纳借鉴。民事治腐在事前预防、腐败发现、打击腐败以及事后受害人权利的救济、腐败资产的追回等腐败治理各环节中,均体现出刑法无法替代的独特优势,对中国特色反腐败治理体系的健全与完善具有巨大的推动作用。因此,应当在立足于我国反腐败法律体系的基础上,化解治腐观念固化下民事法律制度缺失等障碍,完成“硬性反腐”向“软硬兼顾”的观念转变,推进反腐败领域民商事阶段性立法,加强民事治腐手段的常态化运用,以完善反腐败民事治理机制,推动国家反腐败治理体系的完善。

As the earliest and the most comprehensive civil anti-corruption legal document,the Civil Law Convention on Corruption contains civil anti-corruption ideas and measures,which absorbed by European countries and countries around the world.Fighting Corruption by Civil Laws embodies the unique advantages that cannot be replaced by criminal law in the process of corruption governance in the corruption prevention,corruption discovery,fighting against corruption,relief of victims’rights afterwards,recovery of corrupt assets,etc.It has a great impetus to the perfection of anti-corruption governance system with Chinese characteristics.Therefore,we shall,on the basis of the anti-corruption legal system of our country,resolve such obstacles as the lack of civil legal system,and complete the transformation of the concept from“anti-corruption by criminal laws”to“anti-corruption by criminal laws and civil laws”,promote the staged legislation for civil and commercial affairs in the anti-corruption field,and strengthen the normal application of anti-corruption by civil laws to improve the national corruption governance system.