志贺菌属对喹诺酮类药物的耐药性研究进展

Research advances on drug resistance of Shigella to quinolones

肠科杆菌会引起人和动物以腹泻为主要发病特征的各类包括内源性和外源性的传染病,主要包括大肠杆菌、志贺杆菌等。志贺菌是一种从大肠杆菌逐渐进化分离出来的细菌种属,是临床上常见的细菌型痢疾的致病菌,近年来痢疾的发病率仍然居高不下。[1]在我国常见的志贺菌主要有福氏志贺菌和宋内志贺菌。20世纪80年代初期,人们发现喹诺酮类对腹泻患者表现出强大的杀灭细菌能力。但是,随着喹诺酮的使用,志贺菌对该类药物也产生了耐药性,其中可移动遗传元件包括质粒、转座子、整合子等对志贺菌的耐药性也有很大关联。细菌耐药性的产生会增加用药的成本、影响治疗效果以及新药的开发成本和周期。因此,需要了解并总结志贺菌耐喹诺酮类药物的耐药性机制及相关研究进展。

Enterobacteriaceae can cause diarrhoea in humans and animals,including endogenous and exogenous infectious diseases,mainly including Escherichia coli,Shigella and so on.Shigella is a kind of bacterial species gradually isolated from Escherichia coli,and it is a common pathogen of clinical bacteriological dysentery.The incidence of Shigella is still high in recent years(Zhu Z,2017).Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei are the most common Shigella strains in China.In the early 1980s,it was found that quinolones showed strong ability to kill bacteria in patients with diarrhea,so quinolones became the first choice for Shigella.However,with the use of this kind of drugs,Shigella also developed drug resistance to quinolones,in which the movable genetic elements including plasmids,transposons,integrons and so on,are also closely related to the resistance of Shigella.The emergence of bacterial drug resistance will increase the cost of drug use,affect the therapeutic effect and the development cost and cycle of new drugs.Therefore,it is necessary to understand and summarize the mechanism of resistance to quinolones in Shigella and the related research advance.