中国14个未识别群体的体部特征

Body characteristics of 14 unidentified ethnic groups in China

目的分析14个未识别群体的体部指标特征。方法2006~2016年按照《人体测量方法》的规定,在四川、云南、西藏、贵州、海南、新疆、内蒙古共调查14个未识别群体成人2989人(男性1434人,女性1555人)的8项体部指标,并进行统计学分析。结果在男性群体中,木雅人、白马人、临高人及摩梭人的坐高及身高较大,骨盆较宽。莽人和空格人的身高及坐高、上肢全长较小。图瓦人、布里亚特人及摩梭人的身高、坐高较大。在女性群体中木雅人、尔苏人、白马人、临高人、布里亚特人及摩梭人的身高、坐高和骨盆宽较大。八甲人、僜人、家人、莽人和空格人身高、坐高较小。身高、体重等指标跟纬度、年平均气温、年降雨量等环境因子相关性较高。结论木雅人、尔苏人、白马人和摩梭人体部特征比较接近。僜人、八甲人和家人体部特征比较接近。莽人、空格人体部特征最为接近。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of body indicators of 14 unidentified groups.Methods In2006-2016,according to the"Anthropometric Method",we investigated 8 body indicators of 2989 unidentified ethnic adults(1434 males and 1555 females)in Sichuan,Yunnan,Tibet,Guizhou,Hainan,Xinjiang,and Inner Mongolia,and we had calculated and analyzed the data.Results In the male ethnic groups,the stature and sitting height of Muya,Baima,Lingao and Mosuo were taller,the cresta iliaca breadth of four ethnic groups were wider.The stature,sitting height and length of upper limb of Mang and Kongge were smaller.The stature and sitting height of Tuva,Buryats and Mosuo were taller.In the female ethnic groups,the stature,sitting height and cresta iliaca breadth of Muya,Ersu,Baima,Lingao,Buryats and Mosuo were larger.The stature and sitting height of Bajia,Deng,Gejia,Mang and Kongge were smaller.Stature,weight and other indicators were highly correlated with environmental factors such as latitude,annual average temperature and annual rainfall.Conclusion The body characteristics of Muya,Ersu,Baima and Mosuo are relatively close.The body characteristics of the Deng,Bajia and Gejia are relatively close.The Mang and Kongge have the closest body characteristics.