中药材储藏害虫印度谷螟气调防治技术研究

Study on the efficacy of controlled atmosphere to Plodia interpunctella on Chinese herbal medicine

印度谷螟是中药材储藏中为害最严重的害虫之一,低氧气调防治技术是无残留、无污染的绿色防控技术。为明确不同氧气浓度和气调处理时间对中药材储藏期害虫印度谷螟存活的影响,本研究测定了不同虫态的印度谷螟在氧气浓度1%~2%和≤1%条件下,卵和蛹处理12、24、48、72、96 h的发育及幼虫和成虫处理6、12、24、36 h的存活情况。结果表明,氧气浓度≤2%处理96 h的印度谷螟卵均未孵化,氧气浓度≤1%处理96 h的蛹均未羽化。氧气浓度≤1%处理36 h幼虫校正死亡率最高为(64.41±2.94)%,氧气浓度≤2%处理36 h印度谷螟成虫全部死亡。表明低氧气调技术对印度谷螟防效较好。因印度谷螟成虫对低氧浓度最敏感,可选择成虫期进行低氧气调处理效果最佳。

Plodia interpunctella is one of the most harmful storage pests on Chinese herbal medicine.The controlled atmosphere storage with low oxygen concentration is a green prevention and control technique without residue and pollution.To clarify the effect of different oxygen concentrations and treatment time on the survival of P.interpunctella during storage of Chinese herbal medicines,the development of egg and pupa treated for 12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h,and 96 h,and the survival rate of larva and adult treated for 6 h,12 h,24 h,and 36 h were measured under the condition of oxygen concentration at 1%~2%and≤1%.The results show that the eggs of P.interpunctella treated with oxygen concentration≤2%for 96 h could not hatch;the Pupae of P.interpunctella treated with oxygen concentration≤1%for 96 h could not emerge.The highest corrected mortality of P.interpunctella larvae was(64.41±2.94)%after treated with oxygen concentration≤1%for 36 h.All the adults of P.interpunctella died in the treatment with oxygen concentration≤2%for36 h.It is concluded that the low oxygen concentration controlled atmosphere method had an obvious control effect on P.interpunctella.The adult of P.interpunctella is sensitive to low oxygen concentration,thus the adult stage is the optimal period for low oxygen treatment.