明清练湖水利文献述论

A Literature Review on Lian Lake Water Conservancy in Ming and Qing Dynasties

历史上的练湖不仅是一个具有防洪灌溉功能的地方水利工程,更在济运通漕方面起着重要作用。唐代之后,朝野间围绕练湖的水利存废、湖事诉讼、工程建设产生了大量的案牍文献。明代开始,地方士民致力于收集整理练湖文字材料,陆续编成《湖漕成案》《练塘考》《练湖志》《练湖歌叙录》《练湖歌叙录续编》《练湖歌叙录三续》《练湖歌叙录四续》等具有特色的练湖水利文献。历史上围绕练湖水利而产生的兴废政论、诉讼文案、工程营建档案,以及水利管理、湖赋征收、湖产使用、水资源分配方案等原始材料,因此得以比较完整地保存下来。对明清练湖水利文献的编撰流传及价值进行考证梳理,既能够更好地定义练湖在运河史上的作用和地位,也有助于研究历史上练湖区域水利社会和水利环境的变迁。

Historically,Lian lake was not only a local water conservancy project with flood control and irrigation functions,but also played an important role in transporting grains as tax.After Tang Dynasty,there appeared a lot of documents about the preservation or abolition of water conservancy,the litigation of lake affairs,and the construction of projects of the Lian Lake in the court and among the commonalty.Since the Ming dynasty,local scholars and people were committed to collecting and sorting out the textural materials of the Lian Lake,and water conservancy documents of Lian lake with characteristics have been compiled successively,such as The Case of Lake Water Conservancy,The Textual Research of Liantang,The Record of Lian Lake,The Sequel of Lian Lake Songs,Continuation to Sequel of Lian Lake Songs,The Third Continuation of Lian Lake Songs and The Fourth Continuation of Lian Lake Songs.So the original materials of Lian Lake in history have been completely preserved.Most of these materials were about political arguments,litigation documents,construction files,water conservancy management,collection of lake taxes,use of lake production,and water distribution programme,ect.Making a literal research and review on the documents and value of the Lian Lake will give us a better definition on the role and position of it in history.It is also helpful to study the historical changes and developments of the social and environment of Lian Lake water conservancy projects.