基于水化学和多元统计的煤矿采空积水识别

Identification of Coalmine Goaf Groundwater Based on Hydrogeochemistry and Multivariate Statistics

采空积水是煤矿四大水害补给水源之一,在四川省对煤矿安全生产的威胁最大。为快速准确识别采空积水的突水点,降低矿山生产风险,以四川省孔家沟煤矿14组地表水和矿井水水化学检测数据为基础,在分析矿井水成因和水化学特征上,利用Pearson相关性系数和Q型聚类等多元统计方法对采空积水涌出点进行了识别。结果表明:Piper图可以初判涌水的补给水源类型;通过Pearson相关性系数判别值和大小关系分析,对地表水和深部矿井水具有较好识别效果;综合运用采样位置、地下水流向、Piper图、相关性和Q型聚类分析等方法,可区分差异较小的裂隙水和采空积水,提高补给水源判别精度;最终判断SY02、SY10和SY13的补给源为南部采空积水。该研究成果可为其他类似煤矿防治水工作中的水害水源识别提供参考。

Goaf water is one of the four major water hazard replenishment sources in coal mines,and the greatest threat to coal mine safety in Sichuan Province.To quickly and accurately identify the water inrush point of mined out water and reduce the risk in mine production,based on the chemical test data of surface water and mine water in Group 14 of Kongjiagou Coal Mine in Sichuan Province,by analyzing the causes and water chemistry characteristics of mine water,the multivariate statistical methods such as Pearson correlation coefficient and Q-type clustering were used to identify the inrush point.The results show that the Piper diagram can be used to determine the type of recharge water source for inrush water.By analyzing the absolute and relative value of correlation coefficient between water samples,the possible inrush point of goaf water is presumed.Comprehensive analyses of sampling location,groundwater flow direction,Piper diagram,Pearson correlation,and Q-type cluster could distinguish fissure water and goaf water with small differences,and improve the accuracy of the discrimination on recharge water source.Finally,the recharge source of inrush points SY02,SY10,and SY13 is the southern goaf water.The research results provide a reference for water source identification and inrush water prevention and control in other similar coalmines.