膝骨性关节炎动物建模研究进展

Research Advances in Animal Modeling of Knee Osteoarthritis

膝骨性关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)是骨伤科较为常见的一种疾病,在中老年人群中发病率高,发展至后期可影响膝关节功能活动,极大降低了中老年人的生活质量。现代医学没有能够治愈该疾病的方法,为了解决这一医学难题,建立合适的KOA动物模型,研究其发病机制以及某些治疗方法的疗效和作用机理,具有非常重要的现实意义。目前研究者可通过手术方法、关节制动法、药物注射法、高脂饮食法、寒冷刺激法、基因工程法以及自发形成等多种方法制备出膝骨性关节炎动物模型,每种制备方法原理不同,适宜的实验类型也不能一概而论。该文就近几年研究者建立KOA动物模型的方法以及各自的特点做一综述。

Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)is a common disease in orthopaedics department,which has a high incidence in middle-aged and elderly people,and can affect knee joint function at the later stage,which greatly reduces the quality of life of middle-aged and elderly people.There is no way to cure the disease in modern medicine.In order to solve this medical problem,it is of great practical significance to establish a suitable animal model of KOA,to study its pathogenesis and the curative effect and action mechanism of some treatment methods.At present,researchers can make animal models of knee osteoarthritis by surgical methods,joint braking method,drug injection method,high-fat diet method,cold stimulation method,genetic engineering method and spontaneous formation.The principles of each preparation method are different,and the suitable experimental types can not be generalized.In this paper,the methods and characteristics of establishing KOA animal model by researchers in recent years are reviewed.