基于边界层减阻理论的高速列车抽吸气减阻特性数值研究

Numerical Study on the Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Characteristics of High Speed Train Suction Based on the Drag Reduction Theory of Boundary Layer

采用计算流体力学方法,研究高速列车表面边界层演变特性以及气动阻力分布规律;通过在列车头车和尾车边界层分离点区域设置抽吸气孔,提出表面抽吸气边界层控制减阻方案,并评估其减阻效果。结果表明:头车和尾车边界层分离点区域分别设置抽吸气孔后,整车气动阻力系数均减小,最大减阻率可达6%。此项研究为高速列车气动减阻提供了新思路,对克服由于空气动力效应带来的提速瓶颈、节约能源具有重要意义。

The evolution characteristics of the boundary layer on the surface of high speed trains and the distribution rules of aerodynamic drag were studied with the method of computational fluid dynamics.According to the suction holes set at the boundary layer separation point area of the head car and the tail car,a scheme of drag reduction controlled by the surface boundary layer of aerodynamics was put forward,and the drag reduction effect was evaluated.As indicated by the results,the aerodynamic drag coefficient of the complete vehicle decreased and the maximum drag reduction efficiency could be up to 6%after the suction holes were set at the boundary layer separation point area of the head car and the tail car respectively.This study provides a new idea for the aerodynamic drag reduction of high speed trains,and is of great significance for overcoming the speed increase bottleneck caused by aerodynamic effect and saving energy.