考试作弊甄别技术的研究进展:团体作弊的甄别

Research Progress of Cheating Detection Technology in Examinations:Detection of Group Cheating

随着标准化考试的普及,团体作弊现象越来越普遍,其危害程度远大于个体作弊。团体作弊可分为试题泄露导致的团体作弊、行政舞弊与高科技作弊3种。由于作弊方式不同,作弊考生表现出的作答特点差异较大,因此基于各自特点设计的作弊甄别方法也不同。系统梳理团体作弊甄别的形式、特点与相应的甄别方法,为考试机构开展作弊甄别工作提供技术参考。

With the popularization of standardized tests, group cheating has become more and more common, and its harm is far greater than that of individual cheating. Group cheating mainly include three types: group cheating caused by test items leaking, administrative cheating and high-tech cheating. Due to the different ways of cheating,test cheaters show different characteristics in their responses. In the case of leaked test items, cheaters usually show a higher level than their ability, so clusters of cheaters can be found based on the number of times that cheaters have performed higher than their ability, and the similarity between two examinees. For administrative cheating, it is usually possible to determine the range of cheaters, such as the class, school, or district. Using the known information of the examinee cluster, the cheating is directly detected according to the abnormal increase of the score or the high similarity within the cluster. For the multiple choice item cheating using high-tech, because the plagiarism items and the group of candidates are unknown, the researchers use clustering or group screening method to identify cheating groups. For the constructed-response item cheating in high-tech, the external detection method of text plagiarism and the internal detection method are combined to realize the recognition of text copy. This paper systematically summarizes the forms, characteristics and corresponding detection methods of group cheating in order to provide reference for the detection of cheating in exams to examination institution.