尾静脉注射吗啡致大鼠异食癖模型替代呕吐模型的可行性研究

Feasibility study of morphine-induced rat pica model by tail vein injection to replace vomiting model

目的:探讨阿片类药物吗啡静脉注射致大鼠异食癖模型替代呕吐模型的可行性,以及造模成功且并发症较小时吗啡的有效剂量。方法:将50只SD大鼠采用随机数字表法分为空白对照组、M1组、M2组、M3组和M4组,每组10只,分别尾静脉注射生理盐水(NS)10 ml/kg,盐酸吗啡注射液5、10、20、30 mg/kg,测定给药后5、10、15 min时大鼠的心率和血氧饱和度,观察大鼠活动情况。连续4 d记录并对比各组大鼠高岭土、饲料进食量及饮水量的变化。结果:所有吗啡给药组大鼠的血氧饱和度均显著降低,与空白对照组比较具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。给药第1天,与空白对照组比较,M3组和M4组大鼠的高岭土摄取量明显增加(P<0.05)。给药第3天,与空白对照组比较,M1组大鼠高岭土摄取量明显增加(P<0.05)。结论:通过尾静脉注射吗啡建立了大鼠异食癖模型,可用于替代呕吐模型,并发症较小时吗啡的有效剂量为20 mg/kg。

Objective:To explore the feasibility of the morphine-induced rat pica model by tail vein injection to replace the vomiting model,and the effective dose of morphine with less severe complications when the model was developed.Methods:Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into the blank control group and the M1,M2,M3 and M4 groups,each consisting of 10 animals.The rats in the blank control group were injected with 10 ml/kg normal saline(NS)via tail vein,while the animals in the M1,M2,M3 and M4 groups were injected with morphine hydrochloride injection at a dosage of 5,10,20 and 30 mg/kg via tail vein.Heart rate,blood oxygen saturation and activities of the animals were closely observed and recorded at 5,10 and 15 minutes after medication.Then,changes in the intake of kaolin,feed and water of the rats in each group were recorded and compared between the groups for 4 successive days after medication.Results:The blood oxygen saturation in the morphine treatment groups all reduced significantly,and statistical significance could be seen,when it was compared with that of the blank control group(P<0.05).On the first day after medication,the intake of kaolin in the M3 and M4 groups increased significantly,as compared with that of the blank control group(P<0.05).On the third day after medication,the intake of kaolin in the M1 group significantly increased,as compared with that of the blank control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The rat pica model was established by tail vein injection of morphine,which could be used to replace the vomiting model.The effective dose of morphine was 20 mg/kg with less severe complications.