我国科学数据标准体系研究

Study on the Scientific Data Standards System

科学数据标准是科学数据长期获取、处理、保藏、加工以及可持续访问和共享利用的基础。科学数据标准化程度也是衡量世界各国积累和有效利用科学数据资源水平的一个重要指标。然而,我国科学数据标准体系的建设还存在缺失、分散、滞后等问题,不能满足科学数据中心和科学数据开放共享的快速发展需要。本文结合国家科学数据中心建设的背景,对当前科学数据标准体系建设和标准研制现状进行梳理分析,剖析科学数据的全生命周期流程,建立科学数据标准体系参考模型,从基础标准、通用标准、专用标准3个层次构建科学数据标准体系,并从科学数据标准体系参考模型完善、全生命周期链条覆盖、按计划分步实施、多级标准协同、标准应用宣贯等方面提出建议。

Scientific data standards are the basis for the long-term acquisition,processing,preservation,and sustainable access and utilization of scientific data.The degree of standardization of scientific data is also a significant index to measure the accumulation and effective utilization of scientific data resources in the world.The general office of the state council of the People’s Republic of China issued“Scientific Data Management Measurement”in 2018,and the ministry of science and technology and the ministry of finance started the construction of the first 20 national scientific data centers in 2019.The current reality of the deficiency,dispersion and lag of scientific data standards cannot meet the needs of rapid development of scientific data centers and the open sharing of scientific data.Combing with the background of the national scientific data centers construction,this paper analyzes the current status of the scientific data standards system and its development,closely follows the standardization requirements of scientific data management,analyzes the full life circle process of scientific data,and establishes a reference model of scientific data standard system.The scientific data standards system is established based on the three levels of basic standard,general standard and specialized standard.On this basis,some suggestions are put forward,such as perfecting the reference model of scientific data standard system,covering the whole life cycle chain,implementing the system step by step according to the plan,coordinating the multilevel standards,and publicizing and implementing the standard application.