特殊正当防卫的法律适用与立法研究——以“涞源反杀案”为例

Research on Law Application and Legislation of Special Justifiable Defense:A Case Study of Laiyuan Counter-killing Case

我国特殊正当防卫的成立包括防卫起因、防卫时间、防卫意识和防卫限度等要件,其适用现状表现为法律概念模糊、防卫对象片面、忽略防卫人的主观因素及对防卫后果缺乏约束。以“涞源反杀案”为例进行法理分析,既符合特殊正当防卫关于防卫起因、防卫时间、防卫意识和防卫限度的要求,也存在这四个方面的认定偏差,应规范法条用语、明确认定标准、考虑主观因素、限制防卫后果。

The establishment of special justifiable defense includes defense cause,defense time,defense consciousness and defense limit,etc.The current situation of its application is reflected as vague legal concept,one-sided object of defense,neglect of the subjective factors of the defender and lack of restraint on the consequences of defense.A legal analysis conducted based on a case study of Laiyuan Counter-killing Case shows its consistency with the demand of special justifiable defense regarding defense cause,defense time,defense consciousness and defense limit,as well as deviation in the identification of these four aspects.Therefore,efforts need to be made to standardize the terms of the articles of law,make clear the identification criteria,consider subjective factors and limit the consequences of defense.