慢性阻塞性肺疾病早期筛查方法及临床意义

Early Screening Methods and Clinical Significance of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

目的探究慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)早期筛查方法及临床意义,为临床提供一定的理论参考,以此提升CPOD的诊治水平。方法选取在2019年1—6月期间,在该院接受肺功能检查的286名体检人员作为研究对象,全部受检者均接受肺功能检查,分析肺功能检查结果和COPD的独立危险因素。结果肺功能检测检出COPD患者40例,检出率为13.99%,其中2级占比比较高,达到了37.50%。COPD患者的FEV1/FVC值为(61.03±5.69)%明显低于非COPD患者的(85.64±8.71)%,差异有统计学意义(t=23.311,P<0.05)。COPD患者与非COPD患者在性别、年龄、吸烟情况、职业粉尘接触史等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在体重指数、文化程度、家族史、合并症等方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,男性群体、年龄≥60岁、每天吸烟≥5支是COPD的主要影响因素。结论COPD早期筛查中,采用肺功能检测手段效果明显,有利于早期COPD患者的检出,值得推广应用。

Objective To explore the early screening methods and clinical significance of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),to provide a certain theoretical reference for the clinic,so as to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of CPOD.Methods 286 medical examiners who underwent pulmonary function tests in our hospital from January to June 2019 were selected as the research subjects.All subjects underwent pulmonary function tests.The results of pulmonary function tests and the independent risk factors of COPD were analyzed.Results 40 COPD patients were detected by pulmonary function testing,with a detection rate of 13.99%,of which grade 2 accounted for a relatively high proportion,reaching 37.50%.The FEV1/FVC value of COPD patients was(61.03±5.69)%was significantly lower than that of non-COPD patients(85.64±8.71)%,and the difference was statistically significant(t=23.311,P<0.05).COPD patients and non-COPD patients were statistically significant in gender,age,smoking status,occupational dust exposure history,etc.(P<0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference in body mass index,education level,family history,comorbidities,etc.(P>0.05).Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that male population,age≥60 years,smoking≥5 cigarettes per day are the main influencing factors for COPD.Conclusion In the early screening of COPD,pulmonary function testing is effective,which is beneficial to the detection of early COPD patients and is worthy of popularization and application.