弹力带柔性抗阻训练对改善衰弱前期老年人平衡能力的作用

The Effect of Elastic Band Flexible Resistance Training on Improving the Balance Ability of Pre-debilitated Elderly

目的探讨分析弹力带柔性抗阻训练对改善衰弱前期老年人平衡能力的作用。方法选择2018年6月—2019年6月该院64名经Fried衰弱评估法筛查出衰弱前期的老年人为研究对象,根据护理方案不同进行分组,对照组(n=32)予以常规运动训练指导,观察组(n=32)在对照组的基础上进行弹力带柔性抗阻训练,比较护理干预前后两组老年人下肢肌肉力量以及平衡能力改善情况。结果干预前,两组老年人的6 m步速、5次坐立试验所需时间以及Berg平衡量表(BBS)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预4周、干预8周后,两组老年人的上述各项指标均较干预前有改善,且观察组的老年人的6 m步速和BBS平衡评分显著优于对照组,5次坐立试验所需时间也显著短于对照组(P<0.05)。随访6个月,观察组跌倒发生率为0.00%,较对照组的12.50%明显降低(χ2=4.267,P=0.039)。结论弹力带柔性抗阻训练能够有效改善衰弱前期老年人的下肢肌肉力量和平衡能力,对于减少跌倒风险具有积极的作用。

Objective To explore and analyze the effect of elastic band flexible resistance training on improving the balance ability of pre-debilitated elderly.Methods From June 2018 to June 2019,64 elderly people in the hospital who were screened by the Fried frailty assessment method were selected as the research subjects.They were grouped according to different nursing plans,and the control group(n=32)was given regular exercise training guidance,the observation group(n=32)performed elastic band flexible resistance training on the basis of the control group,and compared the improvement of lower limb muscle strength and balance ability of the two groups of elderly before and after nursing intervention.Results Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in the 6-meter pace,the time required for 5 sitting tests,and the Berg Balance Scale(BBS)score between the two groups of elderly people(P>0.05).After 4 weeks of intervention and 8 weeks of intervention,the above indicators of the two groups of elderly people were improved compared to before the intervention,and the 6-meter pace and BBS balance scores of the elderly in the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group,with 5 sittings and standings time required for the test was also significantly shorter than that of the control group(P<0.05).After 6 months of follow-up,the incidence of falls in the observation group was 0.00%,which was significantly lower than the 12.50%in the control group(χ2=4.267,P=0.039).Conclusion Elastic band flexible resistance training can effectively improve the muscle strength and balance ability of the lower limbs of the elderly in the pre-debilitating period,and has a positive effect on reducing the risk of falls.