东海县地区2010—2019年间0~5岁儿童死亡状况分析

Analysis of Deaths among Children Aged 0-5 in Donghai County from 2010 to 2019

目的对东海县地区2010—2019年间0~5岁儿童死亡状况进行分析。方法收集2010—2019年东海县5岁以下儿童死亡资料,利用构成比分析其死亡情况、死因构成等方面。结果①从2010—2019年,东海县共有119 791活产数。10年来,7 d内新生儿、7~28 d内新生儿,28 d^1岁内婴儿和1~5岁幼儿的平均病死率为3.0‰、3.2‰、4.1‰和4.8‰;②东海县2010—2019年0~5岁死亡儿童中,男童病死率为16.2‰,女童病死率为14.0‰(χ^2=0.160,P>0.05);③东海县2010—2019年0~5岁死亡儿童中,春季死亡最多,占36.0%,秋季死亡最少,占14.9%;④0~5岁儿童死亡的原因包括低出生体重或早产、腹泻、窒息、肺炎等,随着时间的推移,0~5岁儿童死因顺位有所变化。结论东海县0~5岁儿童年病死率逐年降低,临床有必要继续加强孕前及孕期保健指导,并加强新生儿窒息复苏培训,同时要营造儿童成长的良好环境,降低儿童病死率。

Objective To analyze the death of children aged 0-5 in Donghai County from 2010 to 2019. Methods The data on the deaths of children under 5 years old in Donghai County from 2010 to 2019 were collected, and the composition ratio was used to analyze the death situation and the cause of death. Results 1.From 2010 to 2019,Donghai County had a total of 11 9791 live births. In the past 10 years, the average mortality rate of newborns within 7 d,7 d to 28 d, 28 d to 1 year old and 1 to 5 years old infants were 3.0‰, 3.2‰, 4.1‰ and 4.8‰;2.Donghai County2010-2019, among the children who died between 0 and 5 years old, the mortality rate for boys was 16.2‰, and the death rate for girls was 14.0‰(χ^2=0.160, P >0.05);3.Donghai County among the children who died between 0 and 5 years old from 2010 to 2019, spring deaths were the most, accounting for 36.0%, and autumn deaths are the least,accounting for 14.9%;4.The causes of death of children aged 0-5 years include low birth weight or premature delivery,diarrhea, suffocation, pneumonia, etc. As time goes by, the cause of death of children aged 0-5 position has changed.Conclusion The annual mortality rate of children aged 0-5 in Donghai County is decreasing year by year. It is clinically necessary to continue to strengthen pre-pregnancy and pregnancy health care guidance, and strengthen the training of neonatal asphyxia resuscitation. At the same time, it is necessary to create a good environment for children to grow and reduce child mortality.