全封闭自动化铅酸电池破拆方案设计

Fully enclosed automation disassemble scheme designing for lead-acid battery

针对铅酸电池破拆过程处于开放环境,造成酸液泄露和铅污染等问题,对铅酸电池结构进行分析,优化破拆工艺流程,实现拆解自动化。优化转盘布置方式、拆解分离设备,使拆解过程更紧凑,确保铅酸电池在整个拆解分离过程中处于全封闭环境,做到酸液全回收,封闭环境空气循环处理,避免酸液泄露和铅污染。将铅酸电池夹持机构、电池打孔和锯切装置制成样机,进行验证。电池夹紧时的夹紧力可达5395 N,当打孔装置打孔钻转速为2500 r/min、进给速度为0.008 m/s时,打孔时间短、质量较高,效果最好,锯切装置选用左右形齿,前角15°,直径500 mm的圆形锯片,锯切过程稳定,符合预期。

The problems of acid divulge and environment pollution caused by lead-acid battery were all considered,the structure of the lead-acid battery was analyzed.The disassemble process was optimized,an automatic disassemble process was given.The turntable and disassemble devices were all optimized layout in order to make them more compact and in a complete closed environment,the acid leakage and lead pollution situation were avoided.The clamping mechanism of the lead-acid battery,the cell drilling and saw cutting devices in the plan of the lead-acid battery were selected to make a prototype and the verification tests were carried out.The clamping force could reach to 5395 N,the proper drilling speed and feeding speed of the drilling device were 2500 r/min and 0.008 m/s,respectively.A 500 mm diameter cirular saw blade with left and right teeth 15°front angle,diameter of 500 mm,was used to saw the batteries,which was a stable process and in line with expectations.