口腔种植修复对牙列缺损患者相关功能评分与美观度的影响研究

Effect of Dental Implant Restoration on Function Score,Aesthetic Degree and Complications of Patients with Dentition Defect

目的:对比传统义齿修复与口腔种植修复对牙列缺损患者功能评分、美观度及并发症的影响。方法:收集2017年1月-2018年12月笔者医院收治的78例牙列缺损患者的病例资料,根据患者修复方案的不同,将患者分为A组(固定义齿修复,n=38)、B组(口腔种植修复,n=40)。比较两种修复方式对牙列缺损患者功能评分、美观度及并发症的影响。结果:A组患者咀嚼、语言、舒适、固位等功能以及美观度均低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);B组患者PLI、GI、SBI评分均明显高于A组(P<0.001);A组患者总满意度为78.94%(30/38),B组总满意度97.50%,明显高于A组(P<0.05);两组患者治疗过程中均未出现严重并发症,A组患者出现5例(13.15%)刺痛、3例(7.89%)牙龈炎情况,并发症发生率21.05%;B组患者出现1例刺痛,B组并发症发生率低于A组(2.50%vs 21.05%)(χ^2=4.493,P<0.05)。B组患者未出现种植体松动情况,种植成功率100%,患者牙龈状态、色泽均为较佳,仅1例患者在手术后6个月出现唇侧牙龈萎缩情况。手术后3个月B组患者种植骨吸收量为(0.64±0.15)mm,至9个月时种植骨吸收量较为稳定,植骨吸收量为(1.10±0.23)mm,12个月时植骨吸收量为(1.12±0.18)mm。结论:口腔种植修复牙列缺损临床效果更为显著,可有效改善患者功能评分,美观度高且并发症发生率低,患者满意度佳。

Objective To compare the function score,aesthetic degree and complications of patients with dentition defect between traditional dental prosthesis and dental implant restoration.Methods The data of 78 patients with dentition defect admitted in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018 were collected,and the patients were divided into group A(fixed prosthodontics,n=38)and group B(dental implant restoration,n=40)according to the different schemes.The effects of two methods on functional scores,aesthetics degree,and complications of patients with dentition defects were compared.Results The chewing,speech,comfort,fixation,and aesthetic functions of patients in group A were lower than those in group B,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001).The PLI,GI,and SBI scores of patients in group B were significantly higher than those in group A(P<0.001),the total satisfaction of patients in group A was 78.94%,and only 1 patient(2.50%)in group B was dissatisfied.The total satisfaction of group B was 97.50%,which was significantly higher than that of group A(P<0.05).Severe complications did not occur during the treatment between the two groups.In group A,there were 5 cases(13.15%)with tingling,3 cases(7.89%)with gingivitis,and the incidence of complications was 21.05%(8/38).In group B,there was 1 cases(13.15%)with tingling,1 cases(7.89%)with falling off of post and core.The incidence of complications in group B was lower than that in group A(5.00%vs 21.05%)(χ2=4.493,P<0.05).The patients in group B did not experience loosening of the implant,and the success rate of implantation was 100%.The condition and color of the patients'gums were better.Only one patient had gingival atrophy on the side of the lip 6 months after surgery.The planted bone absorption of patients in group B was(0.64±0.15)mm 3 months after the operation,and the planted bone absorption was stable 9 months after the operation,and the planted bone absorption was(1.10±0.23)mm,and the planted bone absorption was(1.12±0.18)mm 12 months after the operation.Conclusion Dental implants restoration for dentition defects have more significant clinical effects,which can effectively improve the patient's functional score,and has high aesthetic degree,low clinical complications,and good satisfaction of patients.